Distinguishing Qualities And Connecting Them To Jews, Like

distinguishing qualities and connecting them to Jews, like hooked noses. This, of course, leads into stage five. Stage five is organization. Stanton writes that â€Å"Genocide is always organized, usually by the state, often using militias to provide deniability of state responsibility.† The emphasis on the supremacy of the â€Å"Aryan race† and the German worker is depicted in the picture to the right with the strong Aryan man standing above individuals who are deemed inferior, such as intellectuals or the poor as depicted in the poster. This kind of propaganda cemented the belief that those who did not fit into the â€Å"Aryan race,† such as the Jews, were far superior to pure Germans. Stage number six is Polarization. According to Stanton, this is†¦show more content†¦To the left is an advertising poster for the film, depicting a menacing looking Jew. This can also refer back to the early stage four in the anti-Semitic children’s books on the â€Å"poisonous Jew.† Stage number eight is Persecution. This step includes where â€Å"victims are identified and separated out because of their ethnic or religious identity.† Stanton also mentions that, Death lists are drawn up. In state sponsored genocide, members of victim groups may be forced to wear identifying symbols. Their property is often expropriated. Sometimes they are even segregated into ghettoes, deported into concentration camps, or confined to a famine-struck region and starved. Genocidal massacres begin. In this specific case of genocide, the Jews were forced to wear the Star of David as a form of identification, the Star was also stamped on passports and ID cards. However, the star wasn’t the only symbol that was used to identify the Jews. Sometimes, a simple â€Å"J† was used on passports and other official documents to classify people as a Jew (as seen in the picture to the right). The In the late 1930’s, the beginning of this stage, was also when Ghettos and work camps were also being established. Stage number nine is Extermination and it â€Å"quickly becomes the mass killing legally called genocide.† Between 1941 and 1945 the death toll of Jews and other minorities targetedShow MoreRelatedTranslated Into English Means : The Poisonous Mushroom1893 Words   |  8 Pagespoisonous.† Their conversation continues as they describe why the Jews are â€Å"poisonous.† â€Å"And do you know, too, who these bad men are, these poisonous mushrooms of mankind?† the mother continued. Franz slaps his chest in pride: â€Å"Of course I know, mother! They are the Jews! Our teacher has often told us about them.† This excerpt from the story suggests that children often were taught to be wary of and avoid Jews. 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The word gay can be used to refer generally to lesbian, gay and bisexual people but many women prefer to be called lesbian. Most gay people dont like to be referred to as homosexual because of the negative historical associations with the word and because the word gay better reflects their identity. Bisexual A bisexual person is someone who is romantically, sexually and/or emotionally attractedRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pagesrelationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders. Hence it can be surmised that marketing is basically meeting unmet needs for target markets, identifying those unmet needs and planning how to meet them through products, services, and ideas. Communicating the value to them along with pricing which is affordable and profitable and also distributing the products so that customers have appropriate accessibility and have quick and easy delivery. 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I heard the term â€Å"black heart man† used again and again as a means of expressing fear or ridicule of the Rastafarian. And this was in the early 1970s—after Bob Marleys emergence as an international viii FOREWORD star, after SelassiesRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. 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Biography of Louis Armstrong Essay - 1236 Words

Louis Armstrong was born in one of the poorest sections in New Orleans, August 4, 1901. Louis a hard-working kid who helped his mother and sister by working every type of job there was, including going out on street corners at night to singing for coins. Slowly making money, Louis bought his first horn, a cornet. At age eleven Armstrong was sent to juvenile Jones Home for the colored waifs for firing a pistol on New Year’s Eve. While in jail Armstrong received his first formal music lesson from one of the friends he met their, he later played in Home’s brass band that was located in the same facility. Armstrong gained experience from the band. After a year and six month he was released. After being released he considered himself as a†¦show more content†¦Armstrongs health began to fail him and he was hospitalized several times over the remaining three years of his life, but he continued playing and recording. In 1968 he recorded his last song, What A Wonderful World, before becoming one of the greatest Jazz hits in America, Louis’ â€Å"number one hit† gained popularity in the U.K April 1968. It later gained popularity in America after 1987 when it was used in the film Good Morning, Vietnam July 6th 1971 the worlds greatest Jazz musician died in his sleep at his home in Queens, New York. After his death Louis kept his spirit buried in each and everyone of us. â€Å"Louis is not dead for his music is and will remain in the hearts and minds of countless millions of the world’s people, and in the playing of hundreds of thousands of musicians who have come under his influence†(Dizzy Gillespie, July, 17 1971). Louis buried a long lasting affect in everyone’s heart with his smooth playing and brilliant use of his trumpet. Many people felt the same pain as President Richard Nixon,† Mrs. Nixon and I shared the sorrow of millions of Americans at the death of Louis Armstrong. One of the architects of an American art form, a free and individual spirit, and an artist of worldwide fame, his great talents and magnificent spirit and richness and pleasure to all our lives†(www.satchmo.com/LouisArmrrong/quotes.com). People knowing that the best trumpet player in the world has beenShow MoreRelatedA Brief Biography of Louis Armstrong1376 Words   |  5 PagesAdvanced Placement United States History Born and raised in New Orleans, the melting pot of cultures, Louis Armstrong was by far one of the most influential and successful individuals during the 1900s. His fame and popularity grew astoundingly because of his trumpet playing and charisma. His skills not only attracted the attention of the general population, they also attracted the attention of the State Department. The State Department selected himRead MoreAnalysis Of The Biography Louis Armstrong 1036 Words   |  5 PagesGeneral Music 05/29/2015 Louis Armstrong was born August 4, 1901, in New Orleans, Louisiana. Louis was a trumpeter, bandleader, singer, soloist, film star, and also an comedian. He was the type of person who grabs everyone attention during the jazz industry. He did not only grabs the jazz world attention be grabbed all of the popular music attention as well. He also was giving the nickname Pops Satchmo Ambassador Satch. Armstrong lived in a very poor neighborhood whileRead MoreEssay on Biography of Louis Armstrong1423 Words   |  6 Pagesthem. Louis Armstrong’s life was similar to this. Armstrong strived and strived until he reached to a point in his life where he was comfortable with his fourth wife, Lucille Wilson. Armstrong is ultimately known as the creator of jazz and blues. He was awarded this title by using his talents when he was a young boy growing up in a rough neighborhood. Armstrong’s talent was a result of his childhood and young adult life. Growing up, Armstrong was exposed to music in his surroundings. 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Louis Armstrong is considered one of the most influential jazz artists capturing the people’s attention with his â€Å"daring trumpet style and vocals†. Developing his skillsRead MoreThe Most Popular Instrument of All Time: The Trumpet Essay892 Words   |  4 Pagesprobably the most popular instrument of all time. With talented musicians like Louis Armstrong and Miles Davis, the trumpet has been able to endure. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the careers of Armstrong and Davis, and how the trumpet became their way into Jazz. Louis Armstrong was born on August 4th 1901 in New Orleans, Louisiana. Louis had a hard and painful childhood. In 1922 at the age of 21 Louis moves to Chicago to play cornet in a band lead by Joe Oliver. In September 1924Read MoreLouis Armstrong Essay850 Words   |  4 PagesLouis Armstrong Louis Armstrong was born in New Orleans, Louisiana on August 4, 1901 to Mayanne and William Armstrong. His father abandoned his family during Louis infancy. 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Louis Armstrong (Aug 4th, 1901 - Jul 6th, 1971) was an American trumpeter, composer, singer and occasional actor who became one of the most influential figures in jazz. His career spanned many decades, from the 1920s to his death in 1971, and many different

Identify and Respond to Children and Young People at Risk of Harm Free Essays

List the observations that together indicate possible ‘risk of significant harm’ Risk of harm is the indication that the child may suffer physical, emotional, and psychological harm because of neglect by the parent or guardian responsible for his care. In Jamelle’s case, indication includes physical signs like; †¢Various large bruises †¢Smelling strong urine stale †¢Dirty and unwashed skin †¢Lack of fresh changing clothes †¢Vomiting †¢Bloodshot eyes †¢Psychological l problems such as timidness 2.Response to the situation in preparation of drawing a report The response will include investigating the factor that can lead to risk of harm to the child, including social isolation of the child with other children, and family on inadequate access to other family members. We will write a custom essay sample on Identify and Respond to Children and Young People at Risk of Harm or any similar topic only for you Order Now The risk may be caused by inadequate parenting skills, poor models of parenting or neglect. As a caregiver, i will observe and record observations that indicate a risk of harm and note all the behavioural changes. Finally, i will respond to the physical needs of the child such as medical care, giving her adequate sleep time, bathing, and changing his diapers. 3.The actions or work practices to be taken Jamelle needs a close attention, which her mother has failed to give her. As a caregiver, it will be my duty to ensure the child receives a reciprocal treatment. I will offer the child emotional support enable her unite and play with her mates. I will take responsibility of ensuring that the child is cleaned and in proper dressing. In case her mother raises further issues, I will report to the director. The mother on the other hand, need advice and support in helping the child. 4.Ethical responsibilities in the situation in relation to families and children As a worker, one should make the right decision concerning the health of the child and right the actions to be a practice which ensures a child protection. The family has the right to know about the current condition of the child, anticipated risks and possible solutions to the case. As a caregiver, you should make the decision of the  treatment for the child; maintain adequate confidentiality and be consistent in your duties performance. You should not ignore the risk of harm indicator and exercise bias or favouritism motives. Your decisions should be guided by crucial standards, legislations, and professional ethics code. Case 2 1.List the observations that together indicate possible ‘risk of significant harm’ †¢Aggression and fighting with peers †¢Loneliness †¢Aggression towards staff members †¢Disrespect to fathers †¢Wearing heavy attire on warmer days †¢Red welts †¢Burn scars on the stomach and at back area 2.Response to the situation in preparation of drawing a report Tajs aggressiveness, social isolation, changes in dressing and injuries shows that he perceives psychological complications. His actions are just but coping mechanism to stress. It is evident that he was exposed to a lot of abuse during the holiday that has altered her psychological reactions. Helping the Taj will require providing him with stress management support. As my duty, I will draw her close, get the source of his problem and offer counselling lessons. The actions or work practices to be taken As a caregiver I will ensure that there are valid grounds and current concern that Taj is at risk. I will intervene by discussing the concerns with the supervisor especially from the evidence of injuries. I will try to get Taj close, in case he might be ready to share his predicament. The child response will be useful in underpinning the basis of this strange behaviour. It may be because of family problems, sexual abuse, other family challenges or just the culture. I will then report the information gathered to my director for further action Ethical responsibilities in the situation in relation to families and children The first move will to determine the cause of the child assault. I will try to dig the information from the child by assuring him privacy and protection from further assault. I will discuss the problem with my supervisor to weigh whether summoning the child parents is necessary. As a caregiver, you should make the decision of treatment of thechild; maintain adequate confidentiality, be consistent in your duties performance. You should not ignore the risk of harm indicator and exercise bias or favouritism motives. Your decisions should be guided by crucial standards, legislations, and professional ethics code. Case study 2 Where would you find information on how your service responds to Child Protection issues? On the Child Protection Act, UN convention of Human Rights, Government legislation act, and professional code of ethics List the legislative acts that govern Child Protection Services in your state/territory. Children, Youth and Families Act 2005 (as amended 2011) Working with Children Act Child Wellbeing and Safety Act 2005 The Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities Act 2006 Family Law Act 1975 Access the Community Services website (formerly DOCS) www.community.nsw.gov.au. Steps in making a report; 1.Indicate the child details such as full name, age, residence address, and phone number. 2.Indicate the any aliases details including full name, approximate age, residence address and contact number of the cares or parent. 3.Description of the child state 4.Indication the possible communication needs such as people of aboriginal agency or those with hearing impairment 5.Indicate the details of the reporter. i.Time, date, name, and signature of staff making the report Time – 7.30 AM Date – 11/01/2013 Name – Mary Marshall Staff signature – ii.Full name, date of birth (or approximate age), address and phone number of the child/children you are concerned about Full name- Joseph Timothy Drake Date of birth – 31/10/04 Address – 13 Short St, Parker Phone – (09) 7476 9435 iii.Full name (such as any known aliases), estimate age, address and phone details of the parents or caregivers Full name –Lis Age – 52 address – 13 Short St, Parker Phone – (09) 7476 9435 iv.a description of the child (may be created) and their current whereabouts Joseph is a five-year-old child. The child caters for her mother who undergoes spouse abuse. He currently attends care center but with a unique behaviour. v.Clear and concise description of the injury/observed harm A large purplee bruise on the child right backside vi.clear and concise observation of the child’s conversation and behaviour (if applicable Joseph does not share information with anyone. Joseph is shy and avoids eye contact In a recent scenario he sat facing wall for an hour He is physically ready to attack both his fellow mates and staff He prefers to stay alone at a class corner He wets himself vii.clear and concise records of mothers conversation and behavior The mother is open and frank to both his son and staff members Her mother admits being beaten in Joseph’s presence by the spouse. Joseph gets anger by her mother being molested The spouse at times threatens Joseph The mother stressed by the situation and is worried about his son. How to cite Identify and Respond to Children and Young People at Risk of Harm, Essays

Using Teams in Organizations-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.What mistakes has Alex already made in developing a team-based organization? 2.If Alex were to call you in as a consultant, what would you tell him to do? 3.using the organization chart of Evans RV Wholesale Supply and Distribution, describe how you would put the employees together in teams. Answers: Introduction The case study is based on the analysis of the Teams at Evans RV Wholesale Supply and Distribution Company. The organization operates in the field of selling equipments, parts and supplies for the recreational vehicles like, travel trailers, motor homes and campers. The company was bought by Evans from the previous owner five years ago. The company was going through a rough phase during the ownership of the previous owner. Evans was able to make the company a profitable one after buying it from the former owner. The three major divisions of the organization are retail parts, services and supplies (Dhar, 2015). Analysis of the current position of the company 1.Alex is the CEO and the president and he has divided the organization into three major parts with a vice-president for each of the parts. The warehouse of the company is also divided into three groups which are mainly, receiving, order filling and service parts. The major responsibilities that are placed on the warehouse group are mainly, the activities that are related to receiving of the supplies and parts, storage of the materials and shipping. The sales division of the company is responsible for the functions related to the sales of supplies and the parts in the stores of the company. The people who are included in this division are the cashiers and the salespersons (Graham, Ziegert Capitano, 2015). The service department of the company is again divided into two parts which consists of the repair group for collision who are placed in the main store and the department related to service who are placed in the satellite store. The group related to collision repair is again divided into two parts who have the expertise related to regulations of insurance and repairing of damage caused due to collision. The company has been divided into many parts or hierarchical positions by Alex, which is a major disadvantage for the operations and profitability. The hierarchical complexity of the company is a major disadvantage for the coordination between the employees. The employee base of the organization is also not balanced in nature. The employees are comprised of veterans of the industry or the young people who are just learning the processes (Haslam et al., 2014). Alex is however known as a kind and understanding owner and he has been motivating his employees regarding the different work related activities. The human resource policies that have been introduced in the organization are also quite modern and effective in nature. The major aim of Alex has been to build a positive work ethic within the young employees and getting the old employees more involved in the work process. The major part of the business before it was bought by Alex was based on the selling of parts related to the RV sales. The stores of Evans were however located in prime areas of the metropolitan city and this was an advantage for the expansion of business activities. Alex had good management skills which he applied to make the organization profitable (Kunze et al., 2017). Alex followed the business procedure and trends of the newly entering organizations in the market and accordingly he also formulated his business plans. The major problems that was being faced by Alex was inability to get low prices of goods from the suppliers. The reason behind this issue was the lack of huge business for the company and the fact that Alex owned only two stores. Alex then aimed at creating catalogues for the company so that the company can follow the buying trend of the old as well as the young customers (Schnackenberg Tomlinson, 2016). 2.The organization of Alex has been following the business style of the other organizations which have been entering the market. Alex has diversified its operations by getting into the wholesale sector so that they can compete with the other companies. The major aim of the company was to attract the customer base from all the sectors of the market by providing retail and wholesale orders. The stores of the company are located in prime areas where the business of RVs is quite active (Kurtessis et al., 2017). The business plan that had been undertaken by Alex was not a unique as there were many other organizations providing similar services. However, one major factor related to the difference of the other organizations was that Alexs organization was owned locally. Alex therefore started expanding his business by providing recreational services to the customers and he also formed a catalogue related to the sales of supplies and parts. The process of placing orders was also made quite easy for the customers and the orders from the distributors and the catalogues were also provided by Alex. The expansion of business however, was not able to provide high profits to the organization. The major issue was the loan of 5 million dollars that was to be repaid by Alex. The suggestion that can be given to Alex at this point is to focus his concentration on a major part of the business which is related to the recreational services. This will help Alex in increasing the profitability of the organization and thereby trying to decrease his liabilities (Lazaroiu, 2015). 3.The organization chart of Evans RV Wholesale Supply and Distribution is as follows, The hierarchical positions of the executives in the organizational chart of RV Wholesale Supply and Distribution have been a reason for problem in the cooperation of the employees and completion of tasks. The teams that can be suggested to Alex for the coming year would be, one team which would take care of the financial dealings only and this will consist of the veteran employees. The retail operations of the organization will be taken care by another team which consists of young employees who can provide new ideas (Peltokorpi, Allen Froese, 2015). The third team will take care of the wholesale operations of the company and provide the orders to the customers. The fourth team will take care of the customer relationship department of the company which will help them in maintaining loyal customers. Conclusion The report can be concluded with the learning that Alex can create teams in the organization which can help in achieving the targets. The teams will have less number of hierarchies which will be suitable for solving the problems in the company. The previous structure of the company was not suitable for Alex as the hierarchies in the management system consumes more time related to decision-making. Alex will be able to increase the revenues of the company by changing the entire organizational structure. This will enable him to increase the sales of the company in the new field of operations References Dhar, R. L. (2015). Service quality and the training of employees: The mediating role of organizational commitment.Tourism Management,46, 419-430. Graham, K. A., Ziegert, J. C., Capitano, J. (2015). The effect of leadership style, framing, and promotion regulatory focus on unethical pro-organizational behavior.Journal of business ethics,126(3), 423-436. Haslam, S. A., van Knippenberg, D., Platow, M. J., Ellemers, N. (Eds.). (2014).Social identity at work: Developing theory for organizational practice. Psychology Press. Kunze, F., Menges, J. I., Smith, L. G. E., Gillespie, N., Callan, V. J., Fitzsimmons, T. W., ... Fehr, R. (2017). Journal of Organizational Behavior. Kurtessis, J. N., Eisenberger, R., Ford, M. T., Buffardi, L. C., Stewart, K. A., Adis, C. S. (2017). Perceived organizational support: A meta-analytic evaluation of organizational support theory.Journal of Management,43(6), 1854-1884. Lazaroiu, G. (2015). Work motivation and organizational behavior.Contemporary Readings in Law and Social Justice,7(2), 66. Peltokorpi, V., Allen, D. G., Froese, F. (2015). Organizational embeddedness, turnover intentions, and voluntary turnover: The moderating effects of employee demographic characteristics and value orientations.Journal of Organizational Behavior,36(2), 292-312. Schnackenberg, A. K., Tomlinson, E. C. (2016). Organizational transparency: A new perspective on managing trust in organization-stakeholder relationships.Journal of Management,42(7), 1784-1810.

10 Biggest Job Search Mistakes of New College Grads

10 Biggest Job Search Mistakes of New College Grads Even though it can seem daunting to enter the job force immediately after college, and though the market is tougher than it ever has been for entry-level hires, recent grads are actually among those most likely to land a job this year. Here are 10 common mistakes that can get in your way during your first real job search, and beyond.1. Being too passiveThe trick is to be proactive. The days of being recruited without having to look are long gone. Those who utilize their network to every possible extent and really do everything in their power to get hired, are the ones who will be rewarded first and best.2. Being too internet-centricThousands upon thousands of candidates just like you are posting on job search boards and sending in their resumes to online applications. The only way to distinguish yourself and actually be considered for these jobs is to get out and get networking. Human connections are key.3. Being too insularThink outside the box when building your network. Consider a sking generations above you for help. You never know who will be the key to get you through the door.4. Being too generalIf you’re not customizing your resume to each position, you’re crazy. Yes, it will take a bit of extra time, but the preparation will be worth it should you make it to the interview phase. And without showing each hiring manager or HR rep that you are precisely suitable for this particular position, you hardly stand a chance at getting your resume through the first skim.5. Using the wrong sitesSocial networking is one thing. Professional networking is another. If you’re relying on Facebook and Twitter only for your connection-building purposes, you’re missing a huge part of the picture. Make a platform for yourself on professional networking sites as well. It may not be as fun, but it will likely prove so much more useful.6. Not following upIf you don’t follow up, you’ll miss a good chunk of opportunities. Don’t jus t send your resume and forget about it. If you want that job, make sure you get an interview for it. Hustle!7. Setting the bar too highYou’re just out of college, all jazzed up, and out to find your dream job. But dream jobs can take decades to attain. You might not even really know what that would look like now. Focus on getting a good job now, and let perfection work itself out later. A little humility will get you a long way in the beginning of your career.8. Being unprofessionalThis includes your image: what you wear, how you conduct yourself, how you speak, and how you present yourself online. Give yourself an image makeover. Make sure your online presence is 100% respectable. And start acting like a grown-up†¦ everywhere you go.9. Not taking the interview seriouslyDo your research. Don’t just swan in and expect them to hand you the job or internship without making you work for it. Learn about the company before hand and prepare for the interview. If you donà ¢â‚¬â„¢t, you’ll look like an amateur. And you certainly won’t get the job.10. Not using the tools available to youYou have a career office for a reason. Use it. They won’t hand you a job on a silver platter, but they can set you up to be in a better position to land one yourself with a little hard work and preparation.

Psychological Foundations of Pay Essays

Psychological Foundations of Pay Essays Psychological Foundations of Pay Essay Psychological Foundations of Pay Essay With reference to motivation theory discuss the psychological foundations of pay Financial reward or pay is a core component of employee motivation. Eminent thinkers such as Maslow, McGregor, Tolman, Locke, Pavlov, etc have contributed to our understanding of workplace motivation. Based on a synthesis of their theories, we are in a position to ascertain how key a role pay plays in motivating employees and enhancing their performance. The rest of this essay will attempt to do the same. Motivation theory is not a single monolithic framework of analysis, but rather a product of contributions from various fields/disciplines within humanities. The intellectuals mentioned above have offered their theories from the perspective of their respective fields/disciplines. For example, Maslow, McGregor, Alderfer, McClelland have emphasized the physiological basis of employee motivation, whereas scientists such as Locke, Vroom, Kelly and Tolman have presented the cognitive basis of motivation. Social/behaviourist theories of motivation comprise the third school of thought, where seminal contributions were made by Pavlov, Taylor, Thorndike, Skinner, etc. An understanding of psychological motivations of pay is achieved by gleaning relevant points from these three schools of thought. The behaviourist theory lays emphasis on the â€Å"effect of learning and reinforcement, and as a result the behaviourist theory of motivation is closely connected to the psychological theories of learning and reinforcement.† (Hume, 1995) Abraham H. Maslow’s ground breaking thesis the Hierarchy of Needs gives insight into human motivation (in the workplace or elsewhere). He notes that â€Å"all individuals have a set of human needs which are prioritized on an ascending scale, primary needs dealing with physiology and safety, and secondary needs dealing with the psychological aspects of human existence, etc. These needs in ascending order are: physiological, safety, social/love, esteem, and self actualization.† (Hume, 1995) Firstly, pay helps satisfy primary needs of physiological needs of safety and security by allowing for housing, clothing expenditures. Secondly, it satisfies the social/psychological need by bestowing a social status to the individual. T hough this secondary need is subjective and less tangible, it is a powerful source of motivation nevertheless. Coming to the Cognitive theories of motivation, the most important contribution comes from American psychologist Edward C. Tolman, who articulated his Expectancy Theory of Motivation. Here, he suggests that â€Å"that the behaviour of individuals is not based on needs or drives but is determined by the presence of goals and the probability or expectancy that their behaviour will lead to the attainment or achievement of these goals†¦therefore, people are not driven by deprivations and needs but rather are guided to important goals by perceptions and cognitions.† (Hume, 1995) Hence it is often the case that pay is a cognitively constructed goal, made possible by the viability of its achievement. Contribution to motivation theory from social/behaviourist theories comes from Edward L. Thorndike’s Law of Effect. Thorndike formulates that the behaviour of animals (and also humans) is â€Å"directly affected by the consequence of such action†. (Hume, 1995) More specifically, those behaviours that are followed by rewards (including pay) are likely to be enacted again. Similarly, those behaviours that lead to punishments tended to subside over time. Hence, rewards such as pay have a positive effect, encouraging employee performance. The Law of Effect places high emphasis on â€Å"the concept of reinforcement – maintaining specific forms of behaviour by reinforcing consequences, be they positive or negative. It is this concept of reinforcement which remains central to the behaviourist theory of motivation.† (Hume, 1995) The Law of Effect is associated with the stimulus-response concept, which was further expanded by psychologists Ivan P. Pavlov and Burrhus F. Skinner. Frederick Herzberg’s conception of ‘job enrichment’ also indicates the psychological foundations of pay. Herzberg believed that there are key motivators for work. They are achievement, recognition, responsibility, advancement, growth in competence and work itself. (Hume, 1995) Though these motivators sound quite abstract, one easily associate pay with each of these concepts. Hence, it is fairly obvious that while pay plays an important role in the employment relationship, â€Å"it is not the be all and end all in all circumstances to everyone†. (Is Pay a Motivator?, p.6) For HRM practitioners, it is essential to â€Å"consider how much evidence there is that pay and rewards motivate people in similar jobs, organisations and cultures, what other factors are as important in motivating people and which methods provide an effective and efficient rewards system.† (Is Pay a Motivator?, p.6) In order to translate the findings of motivation theory into effective practice, HRM professionals can adopt a number of proven methods of motivation. These include scientific management, ergonomics, work design, performance appraisal, etc. Scientific management of work involves answering this basic question – ‘What is the best way to do a job?’ and then proceeding to systematically design the work flow, schedule, allocation, streamlining team dynamics, etc. The implementation of scientific management will be a cost to the company, which is a cost borne on behalf of employees. Hence, the cost is an implicit form of payment to the employee. Likewise, the HR team can ergonomically arrange the work environment so as to maximise productivity. By creating an environment with adequate and ideal heating, lighting, ventilation, rest breaks, work station and shift patterns for employees, the HRM department is indirectly incentivizing employee performance. Work Design is an allied method of motivating employees, whereby principles of job rotation, job enlargement and job enrichment work hand in hand to enhance the employees’ perception of work and consequently their satisfaction. Finally, performance appraisal and remuneration are more direct ways of motivating employees. This is achieved by way of interactive feedback between managers and workers and by quantitatively linking pay to performance. References: Foundations of Pay, Is Pay a Motivator?, Department of Human Resources, University of Strathclyde Business School. Hume, D. (1995), Reward Management: Employee Performance, Motivation and Pay. Oxford, Blackwell Publishers.

Choose one art piece , and a theory that can be related to that art Essay

Choose one art piece , and a theory that can be related to that art piece and relate the theory and the art piece - Essay Example However, the theories are inaccurate, in exhaustive, bias and incomplete (Winona State U 1). This paper focuses on â€Å"The Last Supper† painting by Leonardo da Vinci and analyzes the art through imitation theory of art. Imitation theory considers art as an imitation of life, thus art resembles actual objects, events or even persons. Moreover, the imitation generates aesthetic response within the audience (Jahn 1). The painting was done by Leonardo da Vinci in the period 1495-1498 and forms part of famous artworks in the world. Leonardo, an artist, engineer, scientist, humanist, author, inventor, and architect was a great man born 1452 in Italy and died 1519 (The Metropolitan Museum of Art 1). This big fresco like artwork was done on the wall of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan city, Italy is a false fresco since the painting was done on a dry wall rather than a wet wall. The painting is a perfect subject and match for dining hall within a monastery and depicts the ritual meal as a form of religious ceremony among Christians. Therefore, Leonardo’s work imitates the Last Supper where Christ shared his final meal with the disciples before arrest and crucifixion. He tells his disciples that he will be betrayed by one of them and soon depart from them. In the group of threes, various disciples react to the news with group on the far left looking surprised. They could probably think that they cannot betray their master. In the next group, there could be Judas who appears to hold a bag that could contain silver (The Metropolitan Museum of Art 1). Sitting behind him is Peter, the number one disciple of Jesus and who appears angered by the statement. The other person next to Peter is a probably a younger apostle who appears to swoon. The Last Supper painting is a form of imitation theory resembling the actual biblical event whereby Christ had his last meals with the

Company analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Company analysis - Essay Example As such some governments put censorship laws that are meant to control the quality of information that can be accessed from or disseminated through the internet. The company should establish these factors first before launching the publication in different countries. Accessibility to the internet depends on the economic status of the country. Some countries are so poor such that resources are committed to other pressing issues. In such areas, spending money on women issues may be seen as a luxury which may not be afforded by many people living under poor conditions. In some countries, issues related to gender particularly feminism are viewed as a threat to the society since they can destabilize the moral fabric. Some societies are patriarchal hence the level of tolerance of issues related to feminism is low. Therefore, it is important for the company to establish these factors in each country it intends to set business. Since this is a global online publication, it is important for the company to establish the level of infrastructure as well as telecommunication development in each country it intends to penetrate. Internet connectivity varies from place to place across the globe. The distribution pattern is skewed in favour of the developed countries while the developing countries still lag behind in terms of telecommunications infrastructure since the internet is the major communication tool that would be used for all activities of the

Analysis of Articles about Legalizing Marijuana Essay

Analysis of Articles about Legalizing Marijuana - Essay Example Howard is convinced that people who are pushing for the legalization of pot are not concerned about the health of the chronically ill but are concerned about them getting high. Granderson, on the other hand, asks the people to be more accepting towards marijuana and seems resigned that people will always take them whether they are legal or not. He further emphasizes the fact that everyone has at one point or another and so it would be more reasonable to accept that fact and legalize it (Granderson). Howard accuses proponents of legalizing marijuana of being weak and relying on marijuana to be high and to carry on their day to day issues. He makes his points from a strict point of view where he urges people to do something more constructive with their lives (Samuel). Granderson, on the other hand, postulates that marijuana is not as harmful as people make it out to be. He says that people who insist on making marijuana look evil do not have enough facts about its use and that more and more people are more accepting of the use of marijuana (Granderson). Howard, on the other hand, believes that Marijuana will make a society of lazy people with no future and thus should not be encouraged. While people who oppose the legalization of marijuana have very strong and valid points while those who propose it also have points that need to be taken into consideration. However, the side effects of marijuana far outweigh the benefits of legalizing it. I agree more with Howard in that people need to do more useful things with their lives other than smoking marijuana and watching television the whole day. When people are under the influence of marijuana, their mental capacities are compromised and they are unable to think in a logical manner. This means that they may end up doing things that they would otherwise not do when they are not high on anything.  

Pharmacology Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics History And Development Biology Essay

Pharmacology Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics History And Development Biology Essay The hemp plant cannabis sativa, versatile plant named by Swedish botanist Linaeus in 1735 originated in Central Asia has been widely distributed around the world. The earliest use of the drug has been known to be in existence since 700 BC in Assyrian tablets drug finding its place even in the British Pharmaceutical Codex, as late as 1949(G. Geoffrey, W. Brain and R. Philip;2004). Cannabis is an annual dioecious developing from seed, fast growing plant which reaches the maturity in 60 days. It has a lance shaped leaflets with saw tooth edge with woody angular hairy stem with a height of 50 ft or more. Cannabis indica is smaller subspecies it a height of 4 feet other varieties are obtained by crossing cannabis sativa and cannabis indica. Cannabis is used as psychoactive drug. Around 20 million people in USA and Europe and many other part of world use cannabis on a regular basis although consumption is illegal in most of the countries. The psychoactive ingredient of cannabis is delta-9-tetra hydrocannabinol (THC). Cannabis is also known by the names like marijuana, hashish, charas, bhang, ganga and sinsemilla among this hashish and charas are most potent with THC content 10 20%. High concentration of THC can be found in the fine droplets of sticky resin produced by glands at the base of the fine hairs that coats leaves and flower heads (J. Robert,A primer of Drug Action; 1998). Fig 1 Cannabis sativa (http://ja.treknature.com) Fig 2 Cannabis tincture (http://www.medicalmarijuanacure.com) History and Development of Cannabis Fig 3 (M.D. Vincenzo; 2006) Chemistry of THC: Chemical structure of THC was elucidated in 1964; thereafter many chemical analogues have been synthesized and tested. Phenolic hydroxyl group(C-1) is for cannabiniol activity, side chain(C-9) is important as potency can be increased by increase in chain length, also methyl group substitution at side chain carbon adjacent to aromatic ring and northern aliphatic hydroxyl group enhances the activity of THC.THC was isolated during the world war II from red oil fraction of cannabis and other optically active component isolated was cannabidiol. ( G. Geoffrey, W. Brain and R. Philip;2004) Fig 4 Structures of delta-9-tetra hydrocannabinol(THC) IUPAC Name: (à ¢Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  )-(6aR,10aR)-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H- benzo[c]chromen-1-ol Molecular weight: 314.45 daltons. Formula: C21H30O2 Pharmacology (Cannabiniod receptor): First cannabinoid receptor was identified in 1990 which lead to further studies. In central nervous system cannabinoid receptor are found in G-proteins with seven transmembrane spanning segments which are strongly expressed in basal ganglia, cerebellum and hippocampus, at higher concentration expressed on afferent spinal cord regions and at lower concentrations at brain stem it has a chain of 473 amino acids with a hydrophobic domain (B. David, P. Gareth, G. Gavin, and T. Alan; 2003).Second receptor (CB2) is expressed by leucocytes and in haemopoeitic development. Endocannabiniods have cannabinoid receptor binding activity and function of the endocannabinoid system is to regulate synaptic neurotransmission. First endocannabiniod was observed in 1992 by Devan and co-workers from porcine brain which was anandamide it showed behavioural, hypothermic, and analgesic effects similar to that of cannabinoids many other are found in central nervous system (CNS) but exact physiological roles a re not yet know ( L.A.Matsuda, S.J. Brownstein, et al;1990). Fig 5 CB expression on brain. (B. David, P. Gareth, G. Gavin, and T. Alan; 2003) Pharmacodynamics: Effects of THC on CNS studies shows impairment in learning, psychomotor performance and associative processes. Heavy users showed impairment in attention and à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"amotivationalà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ã‚  syndrome with chronic use of marijuana(R.I. Block, R. Fairnpour, and K.Braverman;1998). Commonly seen physiological effects on cardiovascular system are increased blood pressure, heart rate with dry mouth, dizziness and slight nausea(H.G.Pope and D.Yurgelun-Todd;1996). Long-term use leads to immunosuppression of immune system, also Cannabiniod receptors inhibit intracellular adenylate cyclase second-messenger system resulting into decrease spleen cell liberation on immune response and increase the susceptibility of infections or disease. Chronic use results into reduction in fertility and sexual potency in the individual.( P.A. Fried;1995). THC readily passes through placenta and affects the new born with visual perception, language comprehension and frequent me mory loss. ( M.A. Huestis, A.H. Sampson, B.J. Holicky, et al;1992) Pharmacokinetics: Most commonly cannabis is taken by smoking which is through inhalation followed by rapid absorption from lungs into the bloodstream though bioavailability is less (10-27%).Oral administration has plasma levels much lower compared to Intra-venous infusions and inhalation this is due to first pass metabolism in the liver resulting in to poor bioavailability. Bioavailability is higher by sublingual and rectal administration. Cannabinoids are lipophilic in nature (log Kow=7.4) and gets widely distributed in brain, kidney, liver and fat with steady release in the blood,90% of cannabinoids are bound to plasma proteins and 10% to red blood cells( M. Wahlqvist, M.I. Nilsson, F. Sandberg, S;1970). Phase I metabolism of cannabinoids is catalysed by cytochrome P450 in liver with oxidase system. Majority of THC metabolites are excreted in faeces (65%) and rest in urine through glucuronide conjugates (M. Bornheim and A. Correia;1989). Tolerance and dependence: The long known use of the drug has not really given a clear scientifically proven picture that the drug or the derivatives of the plant are beneficial for therapeutic purposes (A. Duffy and R. Milin; 1996). Although there are no severe dependency problems, on the hind side, the toxic nature of Cannabinoids, has also seen increased heart rate, lowering of blood pressure, euphoric intoxication and toxic psychosis resulting from a loss of cognitive performance. Extensive clinical trials over the years have seen the drug being classified into lesser harmful categories, classified into Schedules from 1 to 3, with 3 being of least harm (C. P. OBrein; 1995). Funded by Medical Research Council, the research includes testing on 660 patients over a time period of 3 years. Another research involves 400 patients who would be treated with different forms of cannabis plant and compared with conventional analgestics. The trails are supported by nations like UK, USA, Switzerland, Germany with each country supplying the distinct Cannabis extracts. Another trial in UK is for treatment of multiple sclerosis and other neurological disorders and use a sub-lingual spray as the method of drug delivery. Each of the manufactured extract needs to comply with the Good Manufacturing Practice(s) that oversees selection of plant material, solvent used, and the entire processing itself. (C. P. OBrein; 1995). Analytical Methods: Initial screening of drug of abuse is generally carried out by immunoassay and confirmation of the results is done using chromatographic methods. Radioimmunoassay is generally used for detection cannabinoids in the biological samples. Gas chromatography (GC) is most frequently used analytical method to analyse product but due to decarboxylation during the analysis in neutral forms determination of acidic cannabinoids is not possible. High speed liquid chromatography (HPLC) method used for determination of composition of cannabinoids is one of the efficient and the simplest way to elucidate major cannabinoids but overlapping of peaks is a concern (Y. Ruiqin, X. Wenlin;2006). Though combination of mass spectroscopy and HPLC rectifies errors due to overlapping of peaks and combination of HPLC/GC can produce effective analysis. (B. Benjamin, D. Benjamin, L.Pierre, T.Laetitia, D.Nathalie, D.Lies, V. Alain, H. Philippe, C.Corinne,Innovative; 2009). Fig 6 GC chromatogram of a standard solution of D9-THCA-A analysed (F.E. Dussy et al; 1996) Fig 7 HPLC chromatogram of THC recorded at 220nm (F.E. Dussy et al; 1996) Small amount of sample can be reused with simple operation using solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) to study cannabinoids followed by GC/MS for target molecule confirmation and determination presence of THC in saliva and hair using SPME-GC/MS can be determined (F.E. Dussy et al;1996).LC-IT/MS is used for quantification and conformation of various cannabinoids in a single method though this method is cost effective so use is limited.(A.A.M. Stolker, J. van Schoonhoven, A.J. de Vries, I. Bobeldijk-Pastorova, W.H.J. Vaes, R. van den Berg;2004) Legalization: The legal position held on this drug is still in a state of confusion with no conclusive evidence on the actual therapeutic effects it has. Many countries have softened their stand on the punishment for possession of cannabis, with Netherlands going to the extent of decriminalizing soft drugs in 1976. Belgium followed suit, with the clause that it should not lead to social nuisance, risks and problematic consumption. The USA took a U turn to prohibit the drug due to not enough evidence after certain states allowed the use of the drug for medicinal purposes. Canadian law allows the usage of drug for exceptional cases of patients with prior support from the medical practitioner. Due to its activity on the nervous system, the drug has primarily been used in medicinal treatment of muscle spasms, menstrual cramps, rheumatism, tetanus convulsions, rabies and epilepsy with the current day applications being witnessed in treatment of anorexia, bronchial asthma, epilepsy, glaucoma, hypertension, muscle spasticity, nausea, vomiting and pain. But these applications have just fetched two licensed cannabinoids for medicinal purpose THC (Marinol) and Nabilone, both of which are synthetic (A.C.Moffat; 2006). Conclusion: The Cannabis plant (Cannabis sativa.) is used as recreational drug with a long history and is a part of traditional medicine from the past. The relatively recent discovery of cannabinoid receptors and the human endocannabinoid system has opened up a new and exciting field of research. Bioavailability is obtained by rectal and sublingual administration and rapid absorption takes place with intra-venous and inhalation. But despite the potential, cannabis is categorized as a narcotic drug it is prevented to develop into modern medicine. Dependence and addiction to this drug is quite rare. Psychoactive cannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) has received great attention, and much is known about its biological effects and mechanisms of action, analytical methods, pharmacokinetics, and structure-activity relationships, it will be a challenge to see cannabis as a routine medicine for various disorders.

Satan or Santa? :: social issues

Satan or Santa? To Whom It May Concern: I regret to inform you that, effective immediately, I will no longer be able to serve Southern United States on Christmas Eve. Due to the overwhelming current population of the earth, my contract was renegotiated by North American Fairies and Elves Local 209. I now serve only certain areas of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin and Michigan. As part of the new and better contract I also get longer breaks for milk and cookies so keep that in mind. However, I'm certain that your children will be in good hands with your local replacement who happens to be my third cousin, Bubba Claus. His side of the family is from the South Pole. He shares my goal of delivering toys to all the good boys and girls; however, there are a few differences between us. Differences Such As: There is no danger of a Grinch stealing your presents from Bubba Claus. He has a gun rack on his sleigh and a bumper sticker that reads: "These toys insured by Smith and Wesson." Instead of milk and cookies, Bubba Claus prefers that children leave an RC cola and pork rinds [or a moon pie] on the fireplace. And Bubba doesn't smoke a pipe. He dips a little snuff though, so please have an empty spit can handy. Bubba Claus' sleigh is pulled by floppy-eared, flying' coon dogs instead of reindeer. I made the mistake of loaning him a couple of my reindeer one time, and Blitzen's head now overlooks Bubba's fireplace. You won't hear "On Comet, on Cupid, on Donner and Blitzen..." when Bubba Claus arrives. Instead, you'll hear, "On Earnhardt, on Wallace, on Martin and Labonte. On Rudd, on Jarrett, on Elliott and Petty." "Ho, ho, ho!" has been replaced by "Yee Haw!" And you also are likely to hear Bubba's elves respond, "I her'd dat!" As required by Southern highway laws, Bu bba Claus' sleigh does have a Yosemite Sam safety triangle on the back with the words "Back off". The last I heard it also had other decorations on the sleigh back as well. One is Ford or Chevy logo with lights that race through the letters and the other is a caricature of me (Santa Claus) going potty on the Tooth Fairy. The usual Christmas movie classics such as "Miracle on 34th Street" and "It's a Wonderful Life" will not be shown in your negotiated viewing area.

Archimedes Was a Mathematician and Inventor of Ancient

Archimedes was so brilliant that he is still considered by most historians throughout time as one of the greatest mathematicians of all time. Archimedes was a mathematician and inventor of Ancient Greece born on 287 B. C. In Syracuse on the island of Sicily. His father was an astronomer named Aphid's. It is said that Archimedes was known to be a relative of Hirer II. Hirer was the king of Syracuse during the life of Archimedes. Throughout their lives they were very close friends. However besides his father's name and occupation and his relationship withHirer nothing else is really known about any other members of Archimedes family. At one point of Archimedes life it was his inventions that delayed the capture of Syracuse by the Romans. Archimedes remained in Syracuse for most of his life except when he went to school in Alexandria. Since Greeks loved to learn and be full of knowledge they would send their sons to schools to become wise Greek citizens. Archimedes had one of the best e ducations as a boy. When he was in his teens Archimedes traveled to Alexandria and went to one of the most famous schools of thematic that had been founded by Euclid.There he studied astronomy, geometry, algebra, trigonometry, astrology, geography, surveying, mechanics, and alchemy with many other brilliant minds of his time. Various subjects he studied when he was younger were poetry, politics, astronomy, mathematics, music, art, and military tactics. His professor was named Cocoon of Samos. Cocoon was a tremendous Influence in Archimedes' life. He taught Archimedes various things about science and life. Due to the fact he studied In Alexandria It became the biggest foundation on which he built his career as a scientist and mathematician.Archimedes had many eclectic Investigations, but he was mostly known for his discovery of the relation between the surface and volume of a sphere and Its circumscribing cylinder, for his formulation of a hydrostatic principle: Archimedes' principle , and for Inventing the Archimedes' screw (a device for raising water). One of Archimedes' few Principals states: an object immersed in a fluid experiences a buoyant force that is equal in magnitude to the force of gravity on the displaced fluid.Archimedes had other inventions up his sleeve some were the hydraulic screw – for raising water from a lower to a enlarger level, catapult, ten lever, ten compound pulley Ana ten During mirror which was a machine Archimedes invented used as war weapon; these machines especially helped in the defense against the Romans when they attacked under the command of Marcella. In mechanics Archimedes also discovered fundamental theorems having to do with the center of gravity of solids and plane figures. Now even in this modern era we still use Archimedes inventions in many ways.The water screw is Just one out of many inventions we use. The water screw is used for raising water using an encased screw that opens at both ends. The screw has to be set at an angle and as it turns, water fills air pockets and is transported upwards. Out of his other inventions he achieved during his life we also use the lever. Levers are basic tools, and many of the simple tools we use today, use levers in some way. For example; scissors, pliers, hammer claws, nutcrackers, and tongs. We still even use his mathematical discoveries. Due to his inventions he made life impeller for us today.Archimedes' legend is still alive to this day. I think Archimedes was a great mathematician and inventor who inspired many others to perfect his discoveries and to carve the way to ones made in the future. Those discoveries have affected our ways of living in a good way. I believe his legend would indeed be greater if more people knew what he was trying to accomplish and what good it would do for them. Even so, his ideas were rediscovered in the middle ages and, fortunately, they are being worked on like many other discoveries that have been add.

Living Conditions in cambodia Essays - Southeast Asia, Free Essays

Living Conditions in cambodia Essays - Southeast Asia, Free Essays Living Conditions in cambodia By: Emily Crume center850008549640 professor G. Ramano ENGLISH 111-61B-B31000000 professor G. Ramano ENGLISH 111-61B-B3 Emily Crume Professor G . Romano English 111-61B-B3 1 December 2016 Annotated Bibliography: Living Conditions in Cambodia An article , written by Anne- Meike Fechter and her contributors, solely focuses on aid work and professionalism . Some criticism and unease is primarily set on how aid workers are benefitting from a system that does not deliver from the poor . The aid industry is described as "careless and greedy . " Fechter states that, "aid workers were straddling contrasting worlds," meaning that aid workers would do what they pleased while the rest of the population was fighting a battle with being poor . Almost everyone "boycotted" aid workers because they did not agree with how they lived . The people living in Cambodia truly believed that aid workers were only in their profession because they had selfish motives . Due to this, all aid workers had become very close among themselves . They had all shaped public and even private understandings of one another . Aid workers being close with others in their own profession ga ve them a sense of comfort . One thing that aid workers all agreed on and thought was interesting was that poverty professionals were living good . For example, even though those living in poverty had little money for their necessities, they still made the best of everything and loved the life that they were living, whereas the aids were maki ng enough money that they did not necessarily understand how someone could live that happily . In Anne's conclusion, she states, "This is borne out by their everyday practices, as far as they are engaged in crafting lifestyles which combine their professional interests with personal, social, and emotional ones . " Professional motives are not only crucial in what it tells us about aid workers, but also reveals some ethics as well . The debate about professional aid workers is even more interesting than a debate on social workers or nurses in the sense that there is substantial data and trials on those issues . Placing professional aids in different categories with a different emphasis rather than their morals blocks necessary debates on this issue/topic of how aid workers are treated and are living in Cambodia . Another article , written by Stephanie Nann , Jean- Phlippe Dousset , Chanthy Sok , Pisey Khim , Sopheap Y, Paul Sorum , and Mullet Etienne, focuses on the allocation of antiretroviral drugs . In 1999 , about 100,000 people were living with HIV and about 6,000 with AIDS . Antiretroviral drugs have always been a very limited supply in Cambodia and less than 20% of people living with HIV benefitted from antiretroviral drugs . In Cambodia, there was a study where four criteria 's were considered . To get the antiretroviral drugs, you would have had to have been in one of these four criteria . The first criterion considered was on a first come first served basis . However, with this, the longer a patient has been waiting would mean that their priority for the drug would eventually become extremely high . The second criterion considered was based on how severe the infection was . However, with this, the lower CD4 count, the higher the patient's priority . The third criterion considered was based on the patient's level of responsibly of their own family . However, if this criterion was applied, the more patients with bigger families, the higher priority that patient had to get the drugs . The fourth criterion was based on the financial situation of the patient's family . However, studies showed that if the family's income was sufficient, then the drugs would most likely be taken and used correctly . If the family's income was not sufficient, then the drugs would most likely not be taken and used correctly, which is a huge issue . One huge concern about antiretroviral drugs is the misuse and abuse . It had become such a huge concern that in the month of June pharmacies and private clinics started banning the selling and buying of medications . The Ministry of

Sonnet Essays - Literature, Poetry, Literary Criticism, Sonnet 1

Sonnet Essays - Literature, Poetry, Literary Criticism, Sonnet 1 Sonnet The sonnets, 130 and 292, written by William Shakespeare and Francesco Petrarch, both shows their passionate love towards their woman and it is very interesting to compare and contrast the two. Although their passionate mind was similar, they differ in form, tone, and meaning. First of all, the form differs. The Sonnet 130 is written in Shakespearean (English) format, which has the rhyme scheme of a-b-a-b-c-d-c-d-e-f-e-f-g-g. It has three quatrains, four-line stanzas, and ends with a couplet, a two-line stanza. Unlike Sonnet 130, Sonnet 292 follows the Italian (Petrarchan) form. This has a different rhyme scheme that goes a-b-b-a-a-b-b-a-c-d-d-e-e, and it has an octave, the first eight lines which tells the story, and the sestet, the last six lines which the speaker comments on the situation. Although they differ in style, they both follow the iambic pentameter. Secondly, the two sonnets differ in tone. Sonnet 292, like many other sonnets, it idealizes the woman by using words such as the waving hair of unmixed gold that shone, the smile that flashed with the angelic rays that used to make this earth a paradise. (Lines 5-8) These words give the sonnet a very beautiful and heavenly tone. In contrast, William Shakespeare ridicules the physical appearance of his mistress by using words such as if hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head, I have seen roses damaskd, red and white, But no such roses see I in her cheeks. (Lines 4-7) Although these words doesnt give a beautiful and heavenly tone, it sets the sonnet up for the meaning. The two sonnets differ in meaning greatly. The Sonnet 130, later gives out the meaning when the author says I love to hear her speak (line 9). He is stating that he loves her uniqueness, and for whom she is, not for her physical appearance. The author also gives a little moral lesson to the readers that people shouldnt love based on looks but for what they really are. In contrast, in Sonnet 292, the author grieves for the loss of his love. His sorrow feelings are well shown in the lines the vein of my accustomed art is dry, and this, my lyre, turned at last to tears. (Lines 13-14) He is saying that his art was motivated by the woman he loved but his desire and passion for art has run out due to the loss. It is clearly shown that the two sonnets differ greatly in form, tone, and meaning. I believe that this is due to the different time and society the authors lived in. But these two sonnets show that no matter the time and society, ones love towards another has always been passionate through out history.

Financial and Strategic Planning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Financial and Strategic Planning - Assignment Example ugh this venture, the hospital’s management will establish the feasibility, stability and the expected benefits of their ambitious plans and projects. Identifying the financial trends starts with report preparations generated by ratios or financial statements’ information, plus other financial reports. The Hospital decision makers will prop up their decisions on these findings and conclusions. Hospital profitability is a sure trend that ought to be assessed by the responsible financial analysts. Assessing the facility’s profitability entails establishing its income-earning ability plus the ability to protract growth in the long-term and short-term periods (Evans, 2000). Solvency is also a trend that ought to be addressed by the hospital. Solvency is the hospital’s ability to fulfill commitments to creditors plus other variant third parties, both in the short and long-term periods. Another trend worth looking at is the liquidity aspect of the hospital. This is translates to the hospital’s capacity to maintain positive income flow, and meeting immediate obligations. Solvency and Liquidity will be derived from the entity’s balance sheet which will outline the financial state of the hospital from specific time point(s). Stability trend of the hospital ought to be drawn to portray the hospital’s capability to stay put in operation. Deriving the stability trend will unearth the hospital’s capability to remain fully functional without sustaining major losses when in full-swing operation. The hospital’s management ought to look at labor trends where forecasts on the labor needs and the anticipated production as pertains the expansion of the facility. Decrease or increase of production will translate to alterations on production-related costs and other variant support services (Evans, 2000). This is linked to administrative trends that have characterized the hospital’s management and operations. Administrative trends encompass issues such as

Holocaust Memorial Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Holocaust Memorial - Essay Example When I see it, I don’t know how to react. It is like walking through a distorted field of black blocks. I think the memorial is supposed to invoke fear, confusion, and a feeling of orderliness. This is probably what the Jews felt during the holocaust. They were afraid for their lives and were confused about ever surviving. The only thing they knew was to work in an orderly fashion. Much like ants work relentlessly to meet the goals set by their ruler. The structures themselves make no sense but their meaning is deep. They lack any form identity, or individualism. The structures are separate only by their height. I think that Eisenman is an architectural genius. He is able to evoke so many emotions from something so simple. But why does it only commemorate the Jews? There were many other people convicted for reasons other than being Jewish. Amongst those who were victims to the holocaust were the handi-capped, gays, Gypsies, and Soviet prisoners of war. It is not just the Jews who need to be remembered but the others who fell to Nazi Germany’s regiment. Nevertheless, the memorial achieved its purpose- to represent subliminally a dark age in man’s history.

SWOT Analysis of Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

SWOT Analysis of Organization - Essay Example Opportunities are those external environmental conditions favorable towards the organization. This can help the organizational to achieve its objectives. Whereas, threats are also external factors which may act as a preventing measure against achieving organizational growth. SWOT analysis is a technique that helps in identifying key factors. It also helps the organization in developing plans to tackle such scenario in future. Apple, Inc. is one of the oldest companies in field of designing and manufacturing computers. In the present day, they also manufacture and design mobile phones, portable music players, and also related accessories. Apple, along with their manufacturing part also provides Macintosh operating system software, internet software, multimedia software, business application software and also wireless connectivity services. The motto of Apple is ‘Think Different’. It was founded in the year 1976. It’s headquarter is situated in Cupertino, California. Apple’s operation focuses mainly on software products, computer products and communication products. Its retail business generation is carried forward through 215 retail business stores and also their dedicated website. Apple always backs innovation and its strengths have been the creation of integrated products and along with the development of user friendly software. The high quality of the product makes a big positive difference for Apple. Unique design, stylish looks like iPod Nano, light weight materials are all diverse feature of Apple. Ease of use is also a bright feature of Apple. Aggressive campaigning and commercials are also part of Apple’s strengths. Apple has a competitive advantage by embedding a closed community. Apple has other strengths as well like strong and healthy balance sheets, integration of their entire solution, innovation like iPod, iPhone,

The Future of Criminology Essay Example for Free

The Future of Criminology Essay Over the past several years criminology has made leaps, bounds, and advances to enhance capturing criminals. Due to the increasing technology at the fingertips of criminals and terrorists law enforcement has been forced to step of their resources and intelligence. The government is constantly faced with new methods people have created to commit crime. Technology is infiltrating every aspect of the criminal justice system, from the investigation to the prosecution of crimes and even to attempts to predict them. What steps is law enforcement and the government taking to ensure our safety and to catch the criminals and terrorists? Biometrics After the attacks on 9/11 the government discovered America was not truly prepared for anything. America lacked the technology and resources to stop terrorist’s attacks. Suddenly, the United States government became acutely aware that it didn’t know exactly who was passing in and out of the country. After 9/11, the U.S. Congress decided we must have some way of securing our borders. What did the government do to try to protect the nation? They looked into security measures such as biometrics. â€Å"Biometric is the most secure and convenient authentication tool. It cannot be borrowed, stolen, or forgotten and forging one is practically impossible. Biometrics measure individuals unique physical or behavioral characteristics to recognize or authenticate their identity. Common physical biometrics include fingerprints, hand or palm geometry, retina, iris, and facial characteristics. Behavioral characters characteristics include signature, voice, keystroke pattern, and gait. Of this class of biometrics, technologies for signature and voice are the most developed† (Biometric Security Technology, n.d.). Today, our identities are verified almost exclusively by things that you carry with you and things you remember.  Driver’s licenses social security cards, birth certificates and passports are common documents people carry with them, and passwords and PINs are common security measures people remember. Physical identification is easy to fake, and passwords are easily cracked by hackers, who then have nearly unfettered access to our credit cards, bank accounts, and personal data. People make fake driver’s licenses, social security cards, birth certificates and even death certificates. Hackers only need limited information about a person to steal their identity. It is mind boggling to think what little data criminals need that can turn a person’s life upside down in a matter of seconds. Something needs to change and biometrics could be that change. Biometrics are a fundamental shift in the way people are identified. Unlike traditional identification which individuals must either remember or carry with them, biometrics is the individual, it is a part of who you are so to speak. Fingerprints, voice analysis, iris patterns, vein matching, gait analysis, and so on. Such traits are unique to an individual and often, though not always, incredibly difficult to fake. â€Å"United States government has poured money into research, development, and acquisition of biometric identification systems. The Department of Homeland Security has spent over $133 million on biometrics since 2003, and the Defense Department is predicted to spend $3.5 billion on the technology between 2007–2015. The Federal Bureau of Investigations has rapidly expanded its fingerprint database and is currently developing a more sophisticated system that will add iris scans, palm scans, and facial recognition to the mix† (De Chant, 2013). Just because biometrics cannot be lost or misplaced does not mean they cannot be misused. Privacy concerns loom large with biometrics. A biometric security measure by itself is not threatening, though they are easily linked to other, potentially sensitive information, and that’s when people grow uneasy. Biometrics are a part of person and not something that can easily be discarded like a Facebook page or a password. This causes a lot of anxiety for some people. The government would have part of everyone on file at their disposal and would it always be used correctly or will American’s become violated by this extra power the government would have? There is already a lot of mistrust in the government it would be difficult to get the American nation as a whole on board with the government having access to our fingerprints, retina’s, faces, and palms. There are people  even in our criminal justice system that abuse their power and give out information that should not be given to certain people, who is to say that same would not happen with should vital information as biometrics. Spyware As rates of cybercrime continue to increase exponentially, law enforcement agencies will have to enhance their cyber-defenses to effectively fight online attacks. New technologies promise to play an important role in this battle for cybersecurity. The war on cybercrime and cyberterrorism has given a major boost to the IT and security industries. In the coming years, the fields could experience even greater growth, possibly generating hundreds of billions of dollars in the US alone. Cyber criminals can be computer geeks looking for bragging rights, to businesses trying to gain an upper hand in the marketplace by hacking competitor websites, from rings of criminals wanting to steal your personal information and sell it on black markets and even spies and terrorists looking to rob our nation of vital information. In this day and age of advanced technology, we have become accustomed to all the benefits that computers give us in terms of convenience. While most of us would never want to g o back to doing things the old fashioned way, it is very important to be aware that anyone can become a victim of cybercrime. â€Å"To effectively detect and deter cyber criminals, it is vital for our law enforcement agencies and our legal community to look beyond our nation’s borders and work with their international colleagues in order to have a global framework of cybercrime statutes. One of the new devices to help detect cyber criminals is a Wi-Fi Investigator. The Wi-Fi Investigator is a tool designed to help law enforcement officials specify locations in order to apprehend suspect devices, including laptops and smartphones. Another featured gadget produces powerful magnetic pulses in order to instantly erase sensitive data in the event of a security breach† (Brown, 2010). Another useful tool for law enforcement is the Global Positioning System or GPS. This is used to help track criminals on probation and parole. This can also be useful in court to show a suspects whereabouts during trial or in tracking down a kidnapped victim. The GPS has become a vital part of an investigation and something that some investigators may even rely on. The same can be said for cellphones since most of them now days are equipped to tell your location as well. Tools and devices are not the only thing that is  used to try to deter cybercrimes, there are laws in place as well. Recently, President Obama calls for a new law for cybersecurity. â€Å"The new cybersecurity effort came a day after Mr. Obama called for legislation to force American companies to be more forthcoming when credit card data and other consumer information are lost in an online breach like the kind that hit Sony Pictures, Target and Home Depot last year. Concern about cybersecurity has increased after the hacking of Sony in December, which the United States government says was the work of the North Korean government. The president said that breach and an attack on the United States Central Command’s Twitter account proved the need for an overhaul† (Hirschfeld Davis, 2015). The cybersecurity measure Mr. Obama envisions would encourage companies to share threat information such as Internet Protocol addresses, date and time stamps, and routing information with the Department of Homeland Security, which would swiftly pass it on to other government agencies and industry groups voluntarily formed to share such material. Companies would get â€Å"targeted liability protection† for doing so, as long as they took steps to protect consumers’ personal information (Hirschfeld Davis, 2015). â€Å"President Obama also called for law enforcement tools to combat cybercrime, including to prosecute the sale of botnets, computer networks created to carry out cybercrime, and to give courts power to shut down those involved in denial of service attacks and other fraudulent activities† (Hirschfeld Davis, 2015). Fighting cybercrime is not just the responsibility of the government it is everyone’s responsibility. Anyone at any time can be attacked by a cybercriminal there is no limits when it comes to cybercrime. The government and law enforcement does their best to protect everyone but it is difficult to protect against someone you cannot see. There is still concerns that maybe technology is trying to take over good old fashion police work such as patrolling and even investigating itself. Is the government looking for the quick technological fix rather than to invest in what it takes to get communities to collaborate on their own safety? The problem is an over-reliance on technology with too little recognition that policing is primarily a people business. Law enforcement and local communities often see technology as a panacea to make communities safer without asking the hard questions. While technology is good to have and it does help to solve some cases it will never replace a police officer. People  find safety and security when they actually see someone protecting them. People need that reassurance. DNA Collection â€Å"The Federal Bureau of Investigations maintains a national DNA database known as the Combined DNA Indexing System or CODIS. The pilot program for what became CODIS started with fourteen state and local laboratories. Today, there are over 180 public law enforcement laboratories that use CODIS. The FBI Laboratorys CODIS program allows federal, state, and local crime laboratories to store, search, and share DNA profiles electronically† (The DNA Act, 2015). The practice of taking DNA samples from convicted criminals is now largely uncontroversial. The courts have routinely upheld laws that authorize DNA collection from both current and former convicts, and the resulting databases of DNA have become powerful tools to analyze forensic evidence collected from crime scenes. The databases help to clear innocent suspects and redirect law enforcement officials away from unproductive investigations. They also help to convict guilty criminals and clear the wrongfully convicted. A trend that is causing significant debate is gathering DNA samples from people who are arrested but not convicted (Berson, 2009). â€Å"About 20 states and the federal government have passed legislation that requires DNA collection upon arrest. This legislation has raised concerns that crime laboratories may be unable to manage an influx of samples from a new source and that preconviction DNA collection may violate Fourth Amendment privacy guarantees. Some people worry that collecting DNA creates the potential for abuse of genetic information stored in databases. Others point out that the federal and state privacy laws and penalties that apply to crime labs are stringent far more stringent than the rules governing private entities that collect blood and saliva for medical or insurance purposes† (Berson, 2009). Although some states limit preconviction DNA collection to violent offenses or sex crimes, other states include all felonies, and some extend the requirement to misdemeanors as well. States legislation requiring preconviction DNA collection varies. Variations include the types of crimes for which samples are collected, applicability of the law to juveniles and procedures for deleting profiles. Some state laws have faced Fourth Amendment challenges in court. â€Å"The Fourth Amendment ensures that [t]he right of the people to be secure in their  persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized† (The DNA Act, 2015). This is where the government will continue to have problems, most American’s live by the Amendments that the United States was founded upon. The Amendments were put in place to give the government limits and when it comes to mandating DNA the government appears to have reached its limits. Conclusion In conclusion, the government and law enforcement have many challenges to face and overcome in the new age of technology. Technology also makes it easier for criminals from around the globe to connect and partner with each other to pull off financial frauds, and the anonymity of the web can make it more challenging to locate and stop online perpetrators. There are legal obstacles as well as ethical obstacles that the government and law enforcement must overcome. At every corner there is a potential for a crime to happen whether it is a person’s credit card, a computer, a bank, a smart phone or even a car. Cybercrime is a growing field and one that is hard to combat with all the technology. The problem the government is facing is what is considered too invasive and what is going too far to protect our nation? References Berson, S. (2009). Debating DNA Collection. Retrieved from http://www.nij.gov/journals/264/pages/debating-DNA.aspx Biometric Security Technology. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.peterindia.net/BiometricsView.html Brown, K. (2010). The Future of Cybercrime Detection Prevention. Retrieved from http://www.pctools.com/security-news/future-cybercrime-prevention/ De Chant, T. (2013). The Boring and Exciting World of Biometrics. Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/next/tech/biometrics-and-the-future-of-identification/ Hirschfeld Davis, J. (2015). Obama Calls for New Laws to Bolster Cybersecurity. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/14/us/obama-to-announce-new-cyberattack-protections.html?_r=0 The DNA Act. (2015). Retrieved from

Leadership in Mentoring Nursing Students

Leadership in Mentoring Nursing Students Management has been existed in our society since human beings began in the form of social organisation to achieve their goals, have become a significant part to our society and human activity. Management and leadership are clearly different, management is do things right and leadership is do the right thing, but both are equally important (Bennis, 1997). Therefore, the effective leaders and effective managers are required by the organisations, teams or groups to achieve the expected goals. Bennis (1994) defined management as a process of getting things done through others. This definition emphasizes that a manager to manage and organize a planning, assessment and assist the activities of others or subordinates. Bateman and Snell (2007) stated that four management functions: planning, organising, leading, and controlling are very valuable for professional practice. McKenna et al (2004) assert that effective leadership in practice is crucial for professional development and patients care enhancement. According to Marquis and Huston (2003), leadership is a process without threats and violence of empowering belief, persuading, moving and influencing another toward an objective. Dessler (2004) also defined leadership as a person influences others to willingly work toward a predetermined goal. However, Mintzberg (2004) assert that there are many views and definitions of leadership and makes leadership is complicated and confusing. Stanley (2009) defines and explores the health practice leadership as unifying people around values and then constructing the social world for others around those values and helping people to get through change. Leadership impact our daily and futures lives and very important in my clinical area to create an environment thats positive for relationship building and conducive to effective professional practice. Health professional such as nurses and AMO requires a strong, knowledgeable and consistent leader in quality professional practice environments to provide quality health services. Therefore, to achieve the requirements of professional practice and consumers requirements and expectations, its important for health professional to integrate leadership in health professional practice (Sofarelli and Brown, 1998). I will discuss and explore the theory of leadership in this paper when mentoring and encouraging staff and Assistant Medical Officer (AMO) to their career development, including further learning and leadership methods at Plaster Unit, and will implement this idea in my placement and appropriate use for my new task as a leader. My hospital is among the most famous teaching hospital in Malaysia which conduct education programs for medical, nursing and allied health science students. With over 11 years working experience and was promoted to Senior Assistant Medical Officer at Plaster Unit, Orthopaedic Department since January 2011. I have been appointed by head of Orthopaedic Department as manager, clinical instructor and mentor of Plaster Unit for new staff, medical and nursing students, particularly related to Plaster of Paris application. At the same time, I need to train and facilitate the department staff and newly AMO to update skills, knowledge and develop their further learning including mentoring programs. As a manager and instructor at Plaster Unit, I may be writing policies, assess, implement and promote policies, I might challenge the policy appears to be sensible and evaluate the policies. Good leaders were made rather than born. Good leaders must have the desire, willpower, and develops through lifelong learning process of educational, training and experiences (Jago, 1982). Taylor (2009) state that today health care operates in a rapidly growing environment where changes in leadership to be the main criteria for career development. Many different leadership theories have emerged and made based on previous theorists, but there are 8 major leadership theories; Great Man theory, Trait theory, Contingency theory, Situation theory, Behavioural theory, Participative theory, Transactional theory and Transformational theory. Burns (1978) have identified two types of leadership theories; transactional and transformational. Burns (1978) describes the transactional theory: leaders are just sitting towards the result, followers are directed to perform tasks and be appreciated by money or reward if the task is accomplished. In transformational theory, leaders see the relationship is very important, especially between leaders and followers. Mentoring relationships can develop the highest level of relationship between managers and subordinates (Graen Scandura, 1987). According to WhettonÂÂ   Cameron (2002), studies have shown that mentoring relationships have been increased career satisfaction, resiliency to stress, professional practice success and developing motivation. The initial concept of transformational leadership was introduced by Burns (1978); leaders and followers make each other to advance to a higher level of moral and motivation. Bass (1985) explains that the difference between transactional and transformational leadership is the ability of transformational leadership to motivate others to achieve goals more than what they wants. Transformational leadership has influenced me and mentoring program in plaster unit, it has motivated me and students to believe the vision and implement it to achieve goals. To be a trusted mentor and as a motivation , I am constantly learning and using advanced knowledge, my experience and skills to develop them as a successful professional through mentoring program. Transformational leadership occurs when leaders changes followers in three ways: the followers trusting the leader, performing behaviours that contribute to successfully of organisation objectives and get motivated to work at the highest level (Bass,1985). Schunk (2005) assert that motivation is a critical component of learning and professional development. I always have been motivated by the head of department and AMO supervisor to constantly improve the knowledge and skills, a nd this similarly methods are applied in mentoring program to the students and staff under my supervision. Leadership style is the manner and approach of providing direction, implementing plans, and motivating people. Further research has identified the type of leadership that is more specific, but a preliminary research by a team of researchers led by Kurt Lewin in 1939 is influenced and established the three main leadership styles; Autocratic, Democratic and Laissez-Faire. Autocratic leaders make decisions independently and are usually seen as controlling, bossy and dictatorial. Autocratic leadership best used in situations where lack of time to make decisions or leader is the most knowledgeable. Lewin et al (1939) found that the Democratic leadership is most effective leadership style. Democratic leaders offer guidance, participate in groups and encourage participation in the group, but retain the final decision-making process. Subordinates feel more involved in the group planning, more creative and motivated. While, researchers found that Laissez-Fair leadership is the least productiv e, where the Laissez-Fair leaders offer little or no guidance to subordinates and let them make their own decisions. Laissez-Faire leadership effectively used in situations that have members who are highly skilled, knowledgeable, motivated and able to work on their own. According to Lewin et al (1939), different leader lead differently, they can choose which style where appropriate and depending on the situation. Democratic leadership have been adopted in our department and mentoring program, all are encouraged and freely to give opinions and recommendations through department meetings, regular meetings and during weekly clinical area visits. I and AMO supervisor always offer guidance, participate in groups and encourage all AMO to involve in weekly discussions; it makes them feel involved in decision-making in Plaster Unit. Many researchers have shown that effective communication is closely related to the organisational successful and most important process of the management to run smoothly, to share information, decisions making and enhance the productive relationships with patients. According to Barret (2006), effective communication skills makes an effective leader; effective communication skills will build, enable and create understanding and trust that will encourage their subordinates to follow their leader. I believe that effective communication will help member to build trust, respect, facilitate learning, to understand the issues and make decisions for effective change and achieve goals. Shamir et al (1993) asserts that transformational leadership using communication to create a positive atmosphere and beneficial changes to their follower. When mentoring, I always encourage maximum interaction between mentor and learners to create more communication. Communication will be more effective if lead ers/mentor can be credible by his followers/mentee to create a positive ethos, because credibility is very important to inspire confidence and encourage followers to listen. Kouzes and Posner (1993) states that the most important things others follow someone is persons credibility. In summary, lifelong learning is very important for professional practice development, and better services to patients. Mentoring is a successful strategy to increase students academic success and professional careers (MacCallum Beltman, 2003). As a mentor and manager of Plaster Unit, I need to supervise, teach, provide skills and knowledge to newly AMO and students, and ensure the mentoring program is successful as expected objectives. Therefore, the skills of persuade and influence others is essential to gain trust and be accepted by students. Kram (1985) has outlined three key aspects of mentoring; mentoring-relationships, guidance for learning and mechanisms to achieve significant leadership development. Leadership development has become increasingly important and strategic imperative for private or public organisation (Leskiw and Singh, 2007). At my placement, mentoring program through transformational leadership has been recognized by the head of department and hospital management to produce a dedicated staff and good leaders, to provide quality services to our patients which are priority of our tasks. We believe that transformational leaders have competencies and expertise to constantly keep our department competitive. According to Raggins et al (2000), studies have shown that mentoring provides many benefits to facilitate the career development of employees. Advice, support and encouragement can be delivered by experienced professionals for the less experienced professionals through a mentoring program. Transformational leadership will be activated, and a positive work culture and subordinates career development can be promoted if leaders or manager served as a mentor (Scandura Williams, 2004). Bass and Avolio (1993) believes that vision communication and an emphasis on achieving organisational goals by building self-c onfidence of followers are among the major behaviour of transformational leader. Bass (1990) assert that the concept of transformational leadership and mentoring approach are same, both influences the career development, commitment, performance and satisfaction. However, according to Sosik and Godshalk (2000), when compared to transactional leadership, transformational leadership mentoring supervision is better and more effective. Bass (1990) explains that there are four main characteristics that distinguish transformational leaders from transactional leadership: Transformational leaders are characterized by idealised influence or charisma, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration. Mentoring will be more effective if those four characters of transformational leadership are present on mentor (Scandura Wlliams, 2004). Banerji and Krishnan (2000) asserts that charisma characteristics are the most important of transformational leadership. House (1977) explain that charismatic leaders have the characteristics of ability to communicate, inspire and motivate the employees, communication skills, self-confidence, ability to interpret and implement the organizational vision and ability to be enthusiastic to daily works. Therefore, I believe that transformational characteristics are important to achieve the department vision and self-improvement. Jung et al (2009) states that the characteristics of transformational leadership are often associated with many positive organizational outcomes and related to overall effectiveness of leadership. There is substantial evidence that transformational leadership will enhance the quality of health-care services to patients and reduce the negative impact on health professional, increase staff creativity and department innovation. As manager of plaster unit, I expect this leadership transformational benefits will make us more creative and able to adapt their skills and knowledge to the services and the best clinical outcomes for patients. In conclusion, this paper has highlighted the important issues of leadership that is needed for future practice development and how has affected the mentoring success. As health professionals who are concerned with career development and provide the best service to patients, it is important to explore and learn deeper about various leadership styles. Transformational leadership theory is advocated by many leadership thinkers as the best leadership approach to in the organization that allows employees to achieve their full potential (Taylor, 2009). Integrating mentoring and transformational leadership are crucial for health professional to get more effective leadership training (Scandura Williams, 2004). Therefore, organisations need to more improve mentoring and leadership training that will facilitate the development of transformational leaders and capable mentors.